Matching Pairs Exam (Organic Acids)
Time: 40 Minutes
Passing Score: 75 Points
In the coffee organic acids matching pairs exam, students begin by sampling six of the acid components of coffee. The instructor presents a brief lecture about each. Students are given eight sets of four cups of weakly brewed coffee for the exam. Two cups at each place setting contain an additional organic acid. Your goal is to select which two contain the acid AND identify the acid.
The six most common coffee organic acids used are:
- acetic
- citric
- lactic
- malic
- phosphoric, and
- quinic acid.
Acids may vary based on availability. From these, four (4) are used in the exam:
- Acetic acid is simple vinegar.
- Citric acid is available in most vitamin shops.
- Food-grade malic acid, lactic acid, and phosphoric acid are in pharmaceutical supply stores. Quinic acid is sometimes found in pharmacies as an antimalarial drug.
Use a weak concentration of each in some mild coffee brewed at full strength, then dilute 50%. Pour the diluted coffee into four cups and then taint two of those four. Recognize later which two have the acid, and you’re most of the way there.
As you seek to identify these acids for use at your job later, remember the following:
- Acetic acid is the compound that gives vinegar its pungent smell and sour taste. At low concentrations, it can be perceived as a mildly fruity flavor.
- Citric acid is the dominant acid in, you might expect, citrus fruits. Look for its soury, citrusy characteristics in each sample.
- Lactic acid is known as milk acid, playing a role in biological processes from the souring of milk to the production of energy in human cells. Lactic acid is more easily detected as a texture, adding body to coffees.
- Malic acid contributes to the sour taste of green apples and tart flavor in wines.
- Phosphoric acid is an inorganic mineral used primarily to add brightness to soft drinks. Feel for a buzzing sensation on the tongue rather than a taste.
- Quinic acid is the easiest to identify in the bunch, as it is the primary bitter compound in coffee, which also lends its flavor to tonic water.
When taking the matching pairs exam, identifying the acid-tainted cup on each set is easy for an experienced cupper. Move quickly through the sets and follow your instincts. The first selection is often correct. Repetitive cupping of the acid solutions will fatigue your palate. As with many of these exercises, it’s always better to finish earlier than later.
For more information about the exam and setup, check out this online Q practice exam from Boot Coffee.